Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System (GLASS)

The GLASS IT Platform is a web-based platform for global data sharing on AMR. It serves as a common environment for data submission for several technical modules (GLASS-AMR, GLASS-AMC, GLASS-FUNGI, EGASP) and supports the implementation of One Health AMR surveillance at national level. The GLASS IT Platform is also intended to facilitate future integrated analyses between AMC and AMR data at national, regional and global levels.

WHONET is a free desktop Windows application for the management and analysis of microbiology laboratory data, with a particular focus on AMR surveillance, developed and supported by the WHO Collaborating Centre for Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance at the Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts (USA). WHONET is available in 28 languages and supports local, national, regional, and global surveillance efforts in more than 2300 hospital, public health, animal health and food laboratories in over 130 countries worldwide.

CAESAR is a joint initiative of the WHO Regional Office for Europe, the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID), and the Dutch National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM). It consists of a network of national AMR surveillance systems coordinated by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) in Stockholm (Sweden) and includes all countries of the WHO European Region that are not part of EARS-Net.

EARS-Net is the largest publicly-funded system for AMR surveillance in Europe. It is managed and coordinated by ECDC, supported by a coordination committee composed of experts selected from the appointed disease-specific contact points. EARS-Net is based on routine clinical antimicrobial susceptibility data from local and clinical laboratories reported to ECDC by appointed representatives from WHO Member States. Data originate from national AMR surveillance initiatives and/or laboratory networks. Only data from invasive isolates (blood and cerebrospinal fluid) are included.

In 1996, the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO)/WHO launched ReLAVRA, the Latin American Network for AMR Surveillance, which aims at reporting the magnitude and trends of AMR in the region using routine data from microbiology laboratories.

WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific (WPRO) launched the Western Pacific Regional Antimicrobial Surveillance System (WPRACSS) in 2020 to support its Member States in the implementation and further development of antimicrobial consumption and use monitoring at national level, in hospitals and the community, and to provide a regional platform for countries to understand their own consumption patterns to help guide action on stewardship and surveillance. WPRACSS aims to conduct AMC monitoring across the WPR with the aim of increasing multi-stakeholder accountability and strengthening stewardship of antimicrobials and improving health outcomes.

In collaboration with partners, the AMC Network was established in 2011 to assist non-EU countries and areas in setting up or strengthening surveillance at country/area level. Monitoring of consumption at country/area level helps provide centralized data to ensure that strategies to address antimicrobial consumption and resistance are effective. Efforts are closely coordinated with the ECDC so that data are comparable and can provide a pan-European overview of trends.

The mission of the AMR Surveillance CC Network is to assist WHO in supporting countries to build the capacity to develop and implement AMR surveillance.