Health Systems Governance and Financing
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Understanding the global measure of primary health care expenditure

The aim of this document to broaden the understanding of the global Primary Health Care Expenditure (PHCE) measure to nontechnical audiences. It is organized...

The role of digital claims management for Estonia’s health insurance: a leverage for making healthcare purchasing more strategic

This study explores how the claims management process of the Estonian Health Insurance Fund has been digitalized over time and illuminates how...

Strategic purchasing for nutrition in primary health care: a proposed diagnostic assessment approach

This document aims to strengthen the understanding of how nutrition services can be incentivized within purchasing arrangements for primary health care...

Strategic purchasing for nutrition in primary health care: overview

This document aims to provide an overview of strategic purchasing of nutrition services within primary health care. It introduces key terms and payment...

Methodology for the update of the global health expenditure database 2020-2022

This technical note provides supplementary explanations for the Global Health Expenditure Database (GHED) data. The purpose of this document is to summarize...

Kenya: Cross-Programmatic Efficiency Analysis

In 2020, a cross-programmatic efficiency analysis was conducted in Kenya to identify and analyse critical areas of functional overlap, misalignment or...

The implications of artificial intelligence and machine learning in health financing for achieving universal health coverage - Findings from a rapid literature review

While there is an abundance of publications on the application of artificial intelligence (AI) for different areas in health in general, the topic of AI...

Health accounts production tool (HAPT)

The related text for the publications page on the WHO website will be as follows: The Health Accounts Production Tool (HAPT): User guide provides a global...

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